The main contributing factors to PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) include hormone imbalances and genetic predispositions. The two ovaries release mature, fertile eggs alternately each month during a typical menstrual cycle. However, in people with PCOD, the ovaries frequently release immature or only partially-mature eggs. These eggs can, later on, grow into cysts, which are tiny sacs filled with liquid. The ovaries also grow and enlarge as a result of this. In normal circumstances, the ovaries only release a small number of androgens (male hormones) during the cycle. However, in this situation, the ovaries begin to produce excess androgens, which causes symptoms like male pattern hair loss, abdominal weight gain, irregular periods, and in some severe cases, even infertility. In order to normalize the menstrual cycle and treat a few other symptoms, oral contraceptives (birth control tablets) with estrogen (a female hormone) and progestin (which resembles progesterone, another female hormone), are typically used for PCOS. Additional medications may be given to treat acne and skin issues as well as to lower the risk of diabetes and endometrial cancer. In this scenario, losing weight and adopting a better lifestyle will also help with treatment.
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